How to Read a 7/12 Utara – Every Column Explained Simply

In Simple Words: The 7/12 Utara looks complicated because it has many columns filled with official terms in Marathi. But once you know what each part means, it becomes easy to read. The top half (Register 7) tells you who owns the land and if any loan is registered against it. The bottom half (Register 12) tells you who is farming it, what crops are grown, and what water source is used. This guide walks you through every single column in plain language so you can read your own 7/12 with confidence.

The Structure of a 7/12 Utara

A 7/12 Utara has two main sections:

1. Upper Section — Register 7 (Hak Patrika / हक पत्रिका): Rights and ownership record
2. Lower Section — Register 12 (Lagwad Patrika / लागवड पत्रिका): Cultivation record

Let us go through each section in detail.

Register 7 — Hak Patrika (Rights Record)

This section records the legal status of the land — who owns it, how big it is, and whether any financial claim exists on it.

Survey Number / Gat Number (सर्वे नंबर / गट नंबर)

This is the unique identifier of the plot within that village. Every piece of agricultural land has a survey number assigned during the land survey. When the land is subdivided (split between heirs, for example), each new portion gets a sub-number like 45/1, 45/2.

• Original number: Assigned during initial settlement survey
• Sub-division number: Added after splits (e.g., 45/1A, 45/1B)

Area (क्षेत्रफळ)

Land area is recorded in the metric system:

• H = Hectares (1 hectare = 10,000 square metres = about 2.47 acres)
• A = Ares (1 are = 100 square metres; 100 ares = 1 hectare)
• Sq.M = Square Metres

Quick conversion: 1 acre ≈ 0.405 hectares. An old measure — 1 Guntha = 101.17 square metres.

Owner’s Name — Malik (मालक)

The name of the currently registered owner as per revenue records. This should match the person who bought or inherited the land most recently. If you inherited the land and mutation was done, your name should appear here.

Types of ownership recorded:

Encumbrances — Boja (बोजा / इतर हक्क)

This is one of the most important columns to read carefully:

• Empty / Nil / कोणताही बोजा नाही: No loans or claims — the land is clear
• Bank name + loan amount + date: A bank has registered a mortgage/charge against this land
• Court order: A legal dispute or court decree affects the land
• Other entries: Rights of way, easements, or other legal claims

Before buying land: Always verify that the Boja column is empty. If a loan appears here, demand the seller clear it first and get the entry removed by the Talathi.

Rights and Other Entries (हक्काचे स्वरूप)

This records any special rights — such as:

• Right of way (रस्त्याचा हक्क): Another person has a right to pass through this land
• Easement rights
• Government acquisition notice

Register 12 — Lagwad Patrika (Cultivation Record)

This section records what is happening on the land agriculturally — who is farming it, what is grown, and what water is used.

Season (हंगाम)

Maharashtra has three main agricultural seasons:

Cultivator’s Name (लागवडदाराचे नाव)

The person who is actually farming the land. This may be:

• The same as the owner (most common)
• A tenant farmer (शेतकरी भाडेकरू)
• A contract cultivator

If this name differs from the owner, it does not automatically create a legal problem. However, long-standing tenancy may have implications under the Maharashtra Tenancy Act.

Crops (पिके)

What crops are grown in that season. The Talathi records this based on annual inspection (Pahani). Common entries:

• सोयाबीन — Soybean
• कापूस — Cotton
• ऊस — Sugarcane
• ज्वारी — Jowar (sorghum)
• गहू — Wheat
• भात — Paddy/Rice
• रब्बी भाजीपाला — Rabi vegetables

Water Source (पाणीपुरवठा / सिंचनाचा प्रकार)

Key Land Classification Terms

Understanding these terms helps you know the quality and value of the land:

How to Spot a Loan / Mortgage on 7/12

Look for these in the Boja (बोजा) column of Register 7:

1. A bank name (e.g., “Bank of Maharashtra” or “Gramin Bank”)
2. A loan account number
3. Date of mortgage registration
4. The amount of the loan

What it means: The land is pledged as security. The owner cannot sell or transfer it without clearing the loan first.

After loan repayment: The bank sends a clearance letter to the Talathi. The Talathi then removes the encumbrance entry. If your loan is repaid but the entry still shows, contact your bank branch to issue the NOC to the Talathi.

Timeline for Understanding Your 7/12

Common Errors on 7/12 and What to Do

Related Guides

• 7/12 Utara – Complete Overview and Why You Need It
• How to Get 7/12 Utara Online (MahaBhumi Portal)
• How to Correct Your Name on 7/12 Utara (Mutation/Ferfar)

हा लेख मराठीत वाचा

या लेखाची संपूर्ण माहिती मराठीत उपलब्ध आहे: ७/१२ उतारा कसा वाचायचा – प्रत्येक रकाना सोप्या भाषेत (मराठी)